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Post by madanmohandas on Aug 2, 2020 3:25:19 GMT -6
If I'm reading correctly it is apparent that the author's intention was to resolve the principles laid out in two earlier verses into a single comprehensive system. The first one being the 'aaraadhyo bhagavaan....etc. verse which translates something like this,
The worshipful object to be adored Is the cowherd chief's son, the mighty Lord; And Vrindavan is his divine abode, The most exquisite worship is the mode That cowherd dames of Vraja have conceived; The truth of which is readily percieved By stainless proof the Bhagavat obtends, That love divine is highest of all ends; This is the stated certain doctrine true According to the Lord Chaitanya's view, Aside from which there is nought else to learn In this regard, and is of no concern. (Srinatha Chakravarti (?))
The other one being Baladeva's assimilation of the nine prameyas of Madhva,
Says Madhva, Vishnu is the highest truth, Declared in all the Vedic texts, forsooth; The world is real; the souls are different; The soul is of Sri Hari the servant; Some souls are in bondage, and some are free, And the souls are distinguished by degree; Freedom from worldly bondage will be gained, When Vishnu's lotus-feet have been attained; The means whereby the soul may thus procure That state is worship and devotion pure; Perception, inference, and scripture's word, Are the primary proofs that are prefered; These are the nine precepts Madhva maintains, Which Chaitanya Chandra also proclaims. (Baladeva Vidyabhusana, Prameya Ratnavali)
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Post by madanmohandas on Aug 2, 2020 6:08:11 GMT -6
Dasa Mula, text ten
9. Unalloyed devotion is the means for the attainment of perfection.
sruti krsnaakhyaana smarana-nati-pujaavidhaganaih tathaa daasyam sakhyam paricaranamapyaatma dadanam/ navaangaanyetaaniha vidhigatabhakter-anudinam bhajan sraddhaayukta suvimalaratim vai sa labhate// 10
To hear and sing of Krishna's name and fame, To bow, and contemplation to maintain, Worship through rituals and servitude, Pure friendship and a devout attitude; To attend him with services divine, The soul in self surrender to resign; The aspirant when this practice begins, And daily follows the nine disciplines, A deep regard for worshiping attains, And immaculate love for Hari gains.
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Post by madanmohandas on Aug 2, 2020 7:08:52 GMT -6
Dasa Mula, text eleven
10. On the ultimate meaning and fulfilment of the supreme need.
svarupaavastaane madhurarasa bhaavodaya iha vraje radha krsna svajana jana bhaavam hrdi vahan/ paraanande preetim jagadatualsampatsukham atho vilaasaakhye tattve paramaparicaryaam sa labhate// 11
The aspirant who worship thus maintains, To his own inherent nature attains, The sweet amorous sentiment perceives, Divine servitude in Vraja conceives. Now as one among the attendant train Of Radha and Krishna - the highest gain The soul enjoys pure transcendental bliss, Incomparable wealth of happiness; Attainment of sacred service receives, And entrance to the divine sport achieves. 11
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Post by madanmohandas on Aug 2, 2020 7:52:29 GMT -6
Well, concluding the Dasa Mula Siksa, texts 12/13
prabhuh kah ko jivah kathamidamacidvisvam iti vaa vicaaryaitaan arthaan haribhajanakrcchaastra caturah/ abhedaasam dharmaan sakalam aparaadham pariharan, harernaamaanandam pibati haridaaso harijanaih//12
Who is the Lord? and what is he forsooth? What is the soul? How is the world in truth? Whoso the scripture's meaning contemplates, With diligence, to Hari dedicates His worship; to customs indifferent Of worldly virtue; offencelss, intent Of Hari's name to quaff the ecstasies, In company with Hari's devotees. 12
samsevya dasamulam vai hivtaavidyaamayam janah bhaavapustim tathaa tustim labhate saadhu sangatah// 13
Whoso this Dasa Mula cultivates, Which the ten basic principles relates, All ignorance abandons and attains Fulfilment, and divine sentiment gains; In holy company he does confide, Pleased with the pure devotees to abide. 13
iti finis
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Post by madanmohandas on Aug 5, 2020 0:14:06 GMT -6
Complete Dasa Mula in one entry.
Dasa Mula Siksa, which can also be titled Siksa Dasaka mulam, which either way means the ten roots, fundamental or radical principles, systematising, and reducing to a convenient form the vast tradition of the doctrines of Sri Caitanya deva and his immediate followers, who themselves became the doctors (masters and formulators of doctrine) and who composed various texts treating the philosophy of which Sri Caitanya was the expositor and exemplar. The author's intention was to resolve the principles laid out in two earlier verses into a single comprehensive system. The first one being the 'aaraadhyo bhagavaan....etc. verse which translates something like this,
The worshipful object to be adored Is the cowherd chief's son, the mighty Lord; And Vrindavan is his divine abode, The most exquisite worship is the mode That cowherd dames of Vraja have conceived; The truth of which is readily percieved By stainless proof the Bhagavat obtends, That love divine is highest of all ends; This is the stated certain doctrine true According to the Lord Chaitanya's view, Aside from which there is nought else to learn In this regard, and is of no concern. (Srinatha Chakravarti (?))
The other one being Baladeva's assimilation of the nine prameyas of Madhva,
Says Madhva, Vishnu is the highest truth, Declared in all the Vedic texts, forsooth; The world is real; the souls are different; The soul is of Sri Hari the servant; Some souls are in bondage, and some are free, And the souls are distinguished by degree; Freedom from worldly bondage will be gained, When Vishnu's lotus-feet have been attained; The means whereby the soul may thus procure That state is worship and devotion pure; Perception, inference, and scripture's word, Are the primary proofs that are prefered; These are the nine precepts Madhva maintains, Which Chaitanya Chandra also proclaims. (Baladeva Vidyabhusana, Prameya Ratnavali)
The original idea was formulated by Bipin bihari Goswami and later developed and elaborated by his renowned disciple, Thakura Bhaktivinoda. The latter made it a perennial theme in all his major works and over half of his upanyasa, Jaiva Dharma is dedicated to the elucidation of the Dasa Mula, and expatiates at large from chapter 13 to 22 on the subject.
Dasa Mula Siksa
The first verse proposes the argument and lists the categories.
aamnaayah praaha tattvam harimiha paramam sarvasaktim rasaabdhim tad-vibhinn-aamsaasca jeevaan prakrtikavalitaams-tad-vimuktaasca bhaavaat/ bhedaabheda-prakaasam sakalamapi hareh saadhanam sudha-bhaktim saadhyam tat-preetim-evetyupadisati harau gauracandram bhaje tam// 1
The Vedic texts are deemed self evident, As have in pure succession made descent; Which first, that Hari is supreme decree, Who is possessed of omnipotency; He is the source of bliss and rapture's store; That souls stand in between the sea and shore; Some bound in matter, and some bound no more. That souls and worlds subsist in him alone, That all is one with him and yet not one; The means of attainment are said to be, The nine-fold disciplines of pure bhakti; And finally, to gain the highest bliss Of Krishna's love, than which nought better is. These ten articles were taught by the Lord The shining moon-like Gauranga adored. 1
aamnaaya- 1. the Vedic texts that have been perpetuated in the tradition of preceptorial succession declare, 2 Harimiha paramam- herein Hari is supreme. 3. sarvasaktim, he is omnipotent. 4. rasaabdhim, he is an ocean of the flavours of ecstatic love. 5. tad vibhinnamsa jiva, souls are his dissociated parts. 6. prakrti kavalitam, some are engrossed in matter, and 7. tad vimuktaasca bhaavaad, some attain release therefrom. 8. bhedaabheda prakasam sakalam, all existence is simultaneously distinct and non-distinct from Hari. 9. saadhanam sudha bhaktim, the means proposed is unalloyed devotion, and 10. the final beatitude, tat preetim, ecstatic love.
Each point is taken up for deliberation in the ensuing verses one by one and elaborated in ten verses. The first article determines the valid sources, the ensuing nine are the propositions adduced from those sources. Again, articles one to eight come under the subheading, 'Sambandha tattva' articles relative to the subject, which introduces knowledge of the correlation obtaining between God Hari, the world and the souls. Eight examines the means, or the disciplines related to the cultivation of the foregoing nine articles and comes under the subheading of 'Abhidheya', and ten proposes the summum bonum, and identifies the ultimate need, 'Prayojana', attained by the assiduous practice of prescribed disciplines.
1. Validity of Vedic revelation.
svatah siddho vedo haridayita-vedha-prabhrtitah prmaanam satpraaptam pramiti-visayaamstan-navavidhan/ tathaa pratyaksaadi pramitisahitam saadhayati no na yuktis-tarkaakhyaa pravisati tathaa saktirahitaa// 2
This self-accomplished Veda was expressed To Brahma and others by Hari blest; Which received as valid testimony, Affirms the nine articles certainly; Unaided reason is not competent To conceive of the divine argument, But reason guided by scripture's mandate, Is competent these truths to contemplate. 2
2. Here Hari is supreme
haristvekam tattvam vidhisivasuresapranamito yadevedam brahma prakrtirahitam tat-tanumahah/ paraatmaa tasyaamso jagaanugato visvajanakah sa vai raadhaakaanto navajaladakaantis-cid-udaya//3
Hari is One, and the exclusive truth, All deities are his aspects forsooth; Thus Vidhi, Shiva, and Suresha bring Their homage and their devout offering; The radiant and transcendental light Of his supreme person is Brahman hight, His emanations constitute the whole, World father, and indweller of the soul; That Hari as Radha's beloved know, Who does with divine cloud-like lustre glow. 3
3. Hari is omnipotent.
paraakhyaayaah sakteraprthagapi sa sve mahimani sthito jeevaakhyam svaam-acid-abhihitam taam tripadikam/ svatantrecchah saktim sakalavisaye preranaparo vikaaraadyaih sunyah paramapuruso'yam vijayate// 4
Hari abides in his glorious state, Possessed of divine powers tripartite; The life-force in which all beings subsist, Whereby all creatures flourish and exist; His own subjective power intrinsic, And insentient matter, extrinsic; And as his potencies in three divide, He does each their respective functions guide; While he remains immutable and free, The primal being in his own glory. 4
4. Hari is the reservoir of ecstatic bliss.
sa vai hlaadinyaasca pranayavikrter hlaadanaratas- tathaa samvicchakti prakatita raho bhaava rasitah/ tayaa srisnadhinyaa krtavisadataddhaamanicaye rasaambodhau magno vrajarasavilaasi vijayate// 5
His own subjective being generates The power that with joy exhilarates; His intrinsic power of consciousness, Vivifies the will and pure sentience; And through his existential power subsists His divine realms and all that there exists; All hail to him who revels in the sea Of Vraja's rapture and felicity! 5
5. Souls are his disassociated parts.
sphulingaa rddhaagneriva cidanayo jeeva-nicayaa hareh suryayevaaprthagapi tad-bheda visayah/ vase maayaa yasya prakrtipatirevesvara iha sa jeevo mukto'pi prakrtivasayogyah svagunatah//
As sparks to fire, the souls are separate Atoms of consciousness that emanate From Hari, like the sun and the sunrays, Distinction and non distinction displays. Hari is always Master of the whole, The soul is always subject to control; And even when they liberation gain, As dependent entities still remain. 6
6. Some souls are bound by matter from beginningless time.
svarupaarthair-hinaan nijasukhaparaan krsna vimukhaan harer-maayaa dandyan guna nigada jaalaih kalayati/ tathaa sthulair-lingair-dvididha-varanaih klesa-nikarair- mahaakarmaanair-nayati patitaan svarga-nirayau// 7
Of a sense of their true interest devoid, In seeking selfish pleasures e'er employed; And since they have the Lord Krishna despised, They are with bonds of illusion chastised; With a subtle and gross body restrained, They with many an affliction are pained; Now raised by mighty works to heaven go, And now, for sins, are sent to hell below. 7
7. Some souls gain release.
yadaa bhraaman bhraaman harirasagalad vaisnava janam kadaacit sampasyams tadanugamane syaad ruciyutah/ tadaa krsnaavrtyaa tyajati sanakair-maayikadasaam svarupambibhraano vimalarasabhogam sa kurute// 8
When having thus wandered and roamed like this, In perpetual metempsychosis, The soul by its good fortune may acquaint Itself with an ecstatic Vaisnav saint, Who the relish of Hari's love conveys, Whence the soul gins to emulate his ways; The sweet knowledge of Krishna cultivates, And gradually illusion dissipates; And realising its true nature pure, Does the eternal ecstasy procure. 8
8. Simultaneous distinction and non distinction.
hareh sakteh sarvam cid-acid-akhilam syaat parinatir- vivartam no satyam srutimata viruddham kali malam/ herer-bhedaabhedam srutivihitatattvam suvimalam tatah premnah siddhir-bhavati nitaraam nityavisaye// 9
All consciousness and matter emanates, Which his evolving power generates From Hari, who remains immutable, Supernal, transcendent, ineffable; The doctrine that does mutation maintain In Brahman, is error and Kali's stain; According to Revelation's decree, All is one with, and diff'rent from Hari, Whence love eternal attains perfection, With mutual exchange of affection. 9
9. Unalloyed devotion is the means for the attainment of perfection.
sruti krsnaakhyaana smarana-nati-pujaavidhaganaih tathaa daasyam sakhyam paricaranamapyaatma dadanam/ navaangaanyetaaniha vidhigatabhakter-anudinam bhajan sraddhaayukta suvimalaratim vai sa labhate// 10
To hear and sing of Krishna's name and fame, To bow, and contemplation to maintain, Worship through rituals and servitude, Pure friendship and a devout attitude; To attend him with services divine, The soul in self surrender to resign; The aspirant when this practice begins, And daily follows the nine disciplines, A deep regard for worshiping attains, And immaculate love for Hari gains.
10. On the ultimate meaning and fulfilment of the supreme need.
svarupaavastaane madhurarasa bhaavodaya iha vraje radha krsna svajana jana bhaavam hrdi vahan/ paraanande preetim jagadatualsampatsukham atho vilaasaakhye tattve paramaparicaryaam sa labhate// 11
The aspirant who worship thus maintains, To his own inherent nature attains, The sweet amorous sentiment perceives, Divine servitude in Vraja conceives. Now as one among the attendant train Of Radha and Krishna - the highest gain The soul enjoys pure transcendental bliss, Incomparable wealth of happiness; Attainment of sacred service receives, And entrance to the divine sport achieves. 11
Conclusion
prabhuh kah ko jivah kathamidamacidvisvam iti vaa vicaaryaitaan arthaan haribhajanakrcchaastra caturah/ abhedaasam dharmaan sakalam aparaadham pariharan, harernaamaanandam pibati haridaaso harijanaih//12
Who is the Lord? and what is he forsooth? What is the soul? How is the world in truth? Whoso the scripture's meaning contemplates, With diligence, to Hari dedicates His worship; to customs indifferent Of worldly virtue; offenceless, intent Of Hari's name to quaff the ecstasies, In company with Hari's devotees. 12
samsevya dasamulam vai hivtaavidyaamayam janah bhaavapustim tathaa tustim labhate saadhu sangatah// 13
Whoso this Dasa Mula cultivates, Which the ten basic principles relates, All ignorance abandons and attains Fulfilment, and divine sentiment gains; In holy company he does confide, Pleased with the pure devotees to abide. 13
iti finis
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